Location: | Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey | | Geographic coordinates: | 43 00 N, 25 00 E | | Map references: | Europe | | Area: | total: 110,910 sq km
water: 360 sq km
land: 110,550 sq km | | Area - comparative: | slightly larger than Tennessee | | Land boundaries: | total: 1,808 km
border countries: Greece 494 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km, Serbia and Montenegro 318 km, Turkey 240 km | | Coastline: | 354 km | | Maritime claims: | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm | | Climate: | temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers | | Terrain: | mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast | | Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Musala 2,925 m | | Natural resources: | bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land | | Land use: | arable land: 40.02%
permanent crops: 1.92%
other: 58.06% (2001) | | Irrigated land: | 8,000 sq km (1998 est.) | | Natural hazards: | earthquakes, landslides | | Environment - current issues: | air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes | | Environment - international agreements: | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 | | Geography - note: | strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia
Source: CIA World Factbook
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