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| Introduction | Burkina Faso |
| Background: | Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) achieved independence from France in 1960. Repeated military coups during the 1970s and 1980s were followed by multiparty elections in the early 1990s. Burkina Faso's high population density and limited natural resources result in poor economic prospects for the majority of its citizens. Recent unrest in Cote d'Ivoire and northern Ghana has hindered the ability of several hundred thousand seasonal Burkinabe farm workers to find employment in neighboring countries. |
| People | Burkina Faso |
| Population: | 13,574,820 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.) |
| Age structure: | 0-14 years: 46% (male 3,135,098; female 3,114,354) 15-64 years: 51.1% (male 3,391,848; female 3,545,115) 65 years and over: 2.9% (male 163,137; female 225,268) (2004 est.) |
| Median age: | total: 16.8 years male: 16.4 years female: 17.2 years (2004 est.) |
| Population growth rate: | 2.57% (2004 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 44.46 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Death rate: | 18.79 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Net migration rate: | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Sex ratio: | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | total: 98.67 deaths/1,000 live births female: 90.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) male: 106.7 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population: 44.2 years male: 42.62 years female: 45.83 years (2004 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 6.28 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | 4.2% (2003 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | 300,000 (2003 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | 29,000 (2003 est.) |
| Major infectious diseases: | typhoid fever, malaria, schistosomiasis overall degree of risk: very high (2004) |
| Nationality: | noun: Burkinabe (singular and plural) adjective: Burkinabe |
| Ethnic groups: | Mossi over 40%, Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani |
| Religions: | indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly Roman Catholic) 10% |
| Languages: | French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population |
| Literacy: | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 26.6% male: 36.9% female: 16.6% (2003 est.) |
| Government | Burkina Faso |
| Country name: | conventional long form: none conventional short form: Burkina Faso former: Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta |
| Government type: | parliamentary republic |
| Capital: | Ouagadougou |
| Administrative divisions: | 45 provinces; Bale, Bam, Banwa, Bazega, Bougouriba, Boulgou, Boulkiemde, Comoe, Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houet, Ioba, Kadiogo, Kenedougou, Komondjari, Kompienga, Kossi, Koulpelogo, Kouritenga, Kourweogo, Leraba, Loroum, Mouhoun, Namentenga, Nahouri, Nayala, Noumbiel, Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore, Poni, Sanguie, Sanmatenga, Seno, Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa, Tuy, Yagha, Yatenga, Ziro, Zondoma, Zoundweogo |
| Independence: | 5 August 1960 (from France) |
| National holiday: | Republic Day, 11 December (1958) |
| Constitution: | 2 June 1991 approved by referendum; 11 June 1991 formally adopted; ammended April 2000 |
| Legal system: | based on French civil law system and customary law |
| Suffrage: | universal |
| Executive branch: | chief of state: President Blaise COMPAORE (since 15 October 1987) head of government: Prime Minister Ernest Paramanga YONLI (since 6 November 2000) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2005); in April 2000, the constitution was amended reducing the presidential term from seven to five years, enforceable as of 2005, and allowing the president to be reelected only once; it is unclear whether this amendment will be applied retroactively or not; prime minister appointed by the president with the consent of the legislature election results: Blaise COMPAORE reelected president with 87.5% percent of the vote |
| Legislative branch: | unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (111 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: National Assembly election last held 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CDP 57, RDA-ADF 17, PDP/PS 10, CFD 5, PAI 5, others 17 |
| Judicial branch: | Supreme Court; Appeals Court |
| Political parties and leaders: | African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and Federation or RDA-ADF [Herman YAMEOGO]; Confederation for Federation and Democracy or CFD [Amadou Diemdioda DICKO]; Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Roch Marc-Christian KABORE]; Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo KABORE]; Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Joseph KI-ZERBO]; Union of Greens for the Development of Burkina Faso or UVDB [Ram OVEDRAGO] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders: | Burkinabe General Confederation of Labor or CGTB; Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights or MBDHP; Group of 14 February; National Confederation of Burkinabe Workers or CNTB; National Organization of Free Unions or ONSL; watchdog/political action groups throughout the country in both organizations and communities |
| International organization participation: | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Tertius ZONGO FAX: [1] (202) 667-1882 telephone: [1] (202) 332-5577 chancery: 2340 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Anthony HOLMES embassy: 602 Avenue Raoul Follereau, Koulouba, Secteur 4 mailing address: 01 B. P. 35, Ouagadougou 01; pouch mail - U. S. Department of State, 2440 Ouagadougou Place, Washington, DC 20521-2440 telephone: [226] 306723 FAX: [226] 303890 |
| Flag description: | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia |
| Communications | Burkina Faso |
| Telephones - main lines in use: | 65,400 (2003) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular: | 227,000 (2003) |
| Telephone system: | general assessment: all services only fair domestic: microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communication stations international: country code - 226; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Radio broadcast stations: | AM 3, FM 17, shortwave 3 (2002) |
| Radios: | 394,020 (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations: | 1 (2002) |
| Televisions: | 131,340 (2002) |
| Internet country code: | .bf |
| Internet hosts: | 442 (2003) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): | 1 (2002) |
| Internet users: | 48,000 (2003) |
| Transportation | Burkina Faso |
| Railways: | total: 622 km narrow gauge: 622 km 1.000-m gauge note:: another 660 km of this railway extends into Cote D'Ivoire (2003) |
| Highways: | total: 12,506 km paved: 2,001 km unpaved: 10,505 km (1999) |
| Ports and harbors: | none |
| Airports: | 33 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways: | total: 2 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways: | total: 31 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 17 (2004 est.) |
| Military | Burkina Faso |
| Military branches: | Army, Air Force |
| Military manpower - availability: | males age 15-49: 3,047,306 (2004 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service: | males age 15-49: 1,552,212 (2004 est.) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure: | $52.7 million (2003) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP: | 1.6% (2003) |
| Transnational Issues | Burkina Faso |
| Disputes - international: | two villages are in dispute along the border with Benin; Benin accuses Burkina Faso of moving boundary pillars; Burkina Faso border regions have become a staging area for Liberia and Cote d'Ivoire rebels and an asylum for refugees caught in regional fighting; the Ivoirian Government accuses Burkina Faso of supporting Ivoirian rebels |
| This page was last updated on 16 December, 2004 |
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