Economy - overview: | Tajikistan has the lowest per capita GDP among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 5% to 6% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 60% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises will further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including an interest rate of 4%, a 3-year grace period, and a US $49.8 million credit to the Central Bank of Tajikistan. |
| GDP: | purchasing power parity - $6.812 billion (2004 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | 7% (2004 est.) |
| GDP - per capita: | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2004 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture: 30.8%
industry: 29.1%
services: 40.1% (2004 est.) |
| Investment (gross fixed): | 7.5% of GDP (2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line: | 60% (2004 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: 3.2%
highest 10%: 25.2% (1998) |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index: | 34.7 (1998) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | 16.3% (2004 est.) |
| Labor force: | 3.187 million (2000) |
| Labor force - by occupation: | agriculture 67.2%, industry 7.5%, services 25.3% (2000 est.) |
| Unemployment rate: | 40% (2002 est.) |
| Budget: | revenues: $253.5 million
expenditures: $238.5 million, including capital expenditures of $86 million (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products: | cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats |
| Industries: | aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers |
| Industrial production growth rate: | 10.3% (2000 est.) |
| Electricity - production: | 14.18 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - consumption: | 14.52 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports: | 3.909 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports: | 5.242 billion kWh (2001) |
| Oil - production: | 250 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
| Oil - consumption: | 20,000 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
| Oil - exports: | NA (2001) |
| Oil - imports: | NA (2001) |
| Natural gas - production: | 50 million cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption: | 1.3 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas - exports: | 0 cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas - imports: | 1.25 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Current account balance: | $-50 million (2004 est.) |
| Exports: | $750 million f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles |
| Exports - partners: | Netherlands 25.4%, Turkey 24.4%, Latvia 9.9%, Switzerland 9.7%, Uzbekistan 8.5%, Russia 6.6%, Iran 6.4% (2003) |
| Imports: | $890 million f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
| Imports - commodities: | electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners: | Russia 20.2%, Uzbekistan 15.1%, Kazakhstan 10.9%, Azerbaijan 7%, Ukraine 7%, Romania 4.4% (2003) |
| Reserves of foreign exchange & gold: | $117.6 million (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external: | $1 billion (2002 est.) |
| Economic aid - recipient: | $60.7 million from US (2001) |
| Currency: | somoni |
| Currency code: | TJS |
| Exchange rates: | Tajikistani somoni per US dollar - 3.0614 (2003), 2.7641 (2002), 2.3722 (2001), 2.0763 (2000), 1.2378 (1999)
note: the new unit of exchange was introduced on 30 October 2000, with one somoni equal to 1,000 of the old Tajikistani rubles |
| Fiscal year: | calendar year
Source: CIA World Factbook
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