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| Introduction | Uganda |
| Background: | Uganda achieved independence from the UK in 1962. The dictatorial regime of Idi AMIN (1971-79) was responsible for the deaths of some 300,000 opponents; guerrilla war and human rights abuses under Milton OBOTE (1980-85) claimed at least another 100,000 lives. During the 1990s, the government promulgated non-party presidential and legislative elections. |
| People | Uganda |
| Population: | 26,404,543 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.) |
| Age structure: | 0-14 years: 50.6% (male 6,696,193; female 6,653,764) 15-64 years: 47.1% (male 6,199,732; female 6,233,678) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 269,990; female 351,186) (2004 est.) |
| Median age: | total: 14.8 years female: 14.9 years (2004 est.) male: 14.7 years |
| Population growth rate: | 2.97% (2004 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 46.31 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Death rate: | 16.61 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Net migration rate: | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: according to the UNHCR, by the end of 2001, Uganda was host to 178,815 refugees from a number of neighboring countries, including: Sudan 155,996, Rwanda 14,375, and Democratic Republic of the Congo 7,459 (2004 est.) |
| Sex ratio: | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | total: 86.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 78.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) male: 93.58 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population: 45.28 years male: 43.76 years female: 46.83 years (2004 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 6.64 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | 4.1% (2003 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | 600,000 (2001 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | 84,000 (2001 est.) |
| Major infectious diseases: | typhoid fever, malaria, trypanosomiasis, schistosomiasis overall degree of risk: very high (2004) |
| Nationality: | noun: Ugandan(s) adjective: Ugandan |
| Ethnic groups: | Baganda 17%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Iteso 8%, Bakiga 7%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%, Lugbara 4%, Batoro 3%, Bunyoro 3%, Alur 2%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 2%, Jopodhola 2%, Karamojong 2%, Rundi 2%, non-African (European, Asian, Arab) 1%, other 8% |
| Religions: | Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18% |
| Languages: | English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic |
| Literacy: | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 69.9% male: 79.5% female: 60.4% (2003 est.) |
| Government | Uganda |
| Country name: | conventional long form: Republic of Uganda conventional short form: Uganda |
| Government type: | republic |
| Capital: | Kampala |
| Administrative divisions: | 56 districts; Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Bugiri, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Busia, Gulu, Hoima, Iganga, Jinja, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kalangala, Kampala, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibale, Kiboga, Kisoro, Kitgum, Kotido, Kumi, Kyenjojo, Lira, Luwero, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakapiripirit, Nakasongola, Nebbi, Ntungamo, Pader, Pallisa, Rakai, Rukungiri, Sembabule, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe |
| Independence: | 9 October 1962 (from UK) |
| National holiday: | Independence Day, 9 October (1962) |
| Constitution: | 8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995 |
| Legal system: | in 1995, the government restored the legal system to one based on English common law and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations |
| Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch: | chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 26 January 1986); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 29 January 1986); Prime Minister Apollo NSIBAMBI (since 5 April 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; the prime minister assists the president in the supervision of the cabinet cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected legislators elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 12 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); note - first popular election for president since independence in 1962 was held in 1996; prime minister appointed by the president election results: Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI 69.3%, Kizza BESIGYE 27.8% |
| Legislative branch: | unicameral National Assembly (303 members - 214 directly elected by popular vote, 81 nominated by legally established special interest groups [women 56, army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5], 8 ex officio members; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 26 June 2001 (next to be held May or June 2006); election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; note - election campaigning by party was not permitted |
| Judicial branch: | Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president and approved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed by the president) |
| Political parties and leaders: | only one political organization, the Movement (formerly the NRM)[President MUSEVENI, chairman] is allowed to operate unfettered; note - the president maintains that the Movement is not a political party, but a mass organization, which claims the loyalty of all Ugandans note: the constitution requires the suspension of political parties while the Movement organization is in governance; of the political parties that exist but are prohibited from sponsoring candidates, the most important are the Ugandan People's Congress or UPC [Milton OBOTE]; Democratic Party or DP [Paul SSEMOGERERE]; Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI]; Justice Forum [Muhammad Kibirige MAYANJA]; and National Democrats Forum [Chapaa KARUHANGA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders: | Popular Resistance Against a Life President or PRALP |
| International organization participation: | ACP, AfDB, AU, C, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Edith Grace SSEMPALA chancery: 5911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 FAX: [1] (202) 726-1727 telephone: [1] (202) 726-7100 through 7102, 0416 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Jimmy KOLKER embassy: 1577 Ggaba Rd., Kampala mailing address: P. O. Box 7007, Kampala telephone: [256] (41) 234-142 FAX: [256] (41) 258-451 |
| Flag description: | six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the hoist side |
| Communications | Uganda |
| Telephones - main lines in use: | 61,000 (2003) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular: | 776,200 (2003) |
| Telephone system: | general assessment: seriously inadequate; two cellular systems have been introduced, but a sharp increase in the number of main lines is essential; e-mail and Internet services are available domestic: intercity traffic by wire, microwave radio relay, and radiotelephone communication stations, fixed and mobile cellular systems for short-range traffic international: country code - 256; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat; analog links to Kenya and Tanzania |
| Radio broadcast stations: | AM 7, FM 33, shortwave 2 (2001) |
| Radios: | 5 million (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations: | 8 (plus one low-power repeater) (2001) |
| Televisions: | 500,000 (2001) |
| Internet country code: | .ug |
| Internet hosts: | 2,692 (2004) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): | 2 (2000) |
| Internet users: | 125,000 (2003) |
| Transportation | Uganda |
| Railways: | total: 1,241 km narrow gauge: 1,241 km 1.000-m gauge (2003) |
| Highways: | total: 27,000 km paved: 1,809 km unpaved: 25,191 km (1999 est.) |
| Waterways: | 300 km (on Lake Victoria, 200 km on Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, and parts of Albert Nile) (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors: | Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell |
| Merchant marine: | total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,091 GRT/5,943 DWT by type: roll on/roll off 3 (2003 est.) |
| Airports: | 27 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways: | total: 4 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways: | total: 25 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 7 (2004 est.) |
| Military | Uganda |
| Military branches: | Ugandan Peoples' Defense Force (UPDF): Army, Marine Unit, Air Wing |
| Military manpower - availability: | males age 15-49: 5,678,649 (2004 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service: | males age 15-49: 3,085,053 (2004 est.) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure: | $128.2 million (2003) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP: | 2.1% (2003) |
| Transnational Issues | Uganda |
| Disputes - international: | Tutsi, Hutu, Lendu, Hema, and other ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, militias, and various government forces continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda to gain control over populated areas and natural resources; government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence continues despite UN peacekeeping efforts; civil conflict in Sudan has extended Sudanese rebel forces and refugees into Uganda and given shelter to Ugandan Lord's Resistance Army soldiers in Sudan; Kenya and Uganda are working together to stem cattle rustling and violence by Lord's Resistance Army along the border |
| Refugees and internally displaced persons: | refugees (country of origin): 184,731 (Sudan), 18,000 (Rwanda) IDPs: 1.4 million (ongoing LRA rebellion, mainly in the north; LRA frequently attacks IDP camps) (2004) |
| This page was last updated on 16 December, 2004 |
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