|
Country
|
Turkmenistan | 
Australia |
|
Leader
|
President: Kurbanguly Berdymukhamedov
|
Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II, represented by Governor-General Quentin Bryce Prime minister: Julia Gillard
|
|
Population
|
5,054,828
| 22,015,576
|
|
Life Expectancy
|
68.840 years
| 81.900 years
|
|
Capital City
|
Ashgabat (Ashkhabad)
| Canberra
|
|
Largest city
|
| Ashgabat (population: 727,700) | Sydney (population: 4,394,580) |
|
Human Development Index
|
0.728
| 0.965
|
| GDP per capita |
$7,900 US
| $40,800 US
|
|
Literacy Rate
|
98.8%
| 99%
|
|
Corruption Perception Index
|
1.8
| 8.7
|
|
Percentage of Women in Parliament
|
16%
| 29.6%
|
| Wealthiest Citizens |
NA
| Frank Lowy & family ($2.7bn US)
|
| Unemployment Rate |
60.000%
| 5.100%
|
|
Death Penalty
|
Abolished
| Abolished
|
| |
|
Political System
|
republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch
| federal parliamentary democracy
|
|
Independence date
|
27 October 1991 (from Soviet Union)
| 1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies)
|
| Religions |
Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%
| Catholic 26.4%, Anglican 20.5%, other Christian 20.5%, Buddhist 1.9%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 12.7%, none 15.3% (2001 Census)
|
| Languages |
Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%
| English 79.1%, Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% (2001 Census)
|
| Exports |
gas, crude oil, petrochemicals, textiles, cotton fiber
| coal, iron ore, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat, machinery and transport equipment
|
| External Debt |
$524,700,000 $
| $1,376,000,000,000 US
|
| Exchange Rate |
Turkmen manat (TMM) per US dollar - 14,250 (as of 1 May 2008 est.)
| Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar - 1.2059 (2008 est.), 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004)
|
| Military Budget as percentage of GDP |
3.400%
| 3.000%
|
| Beijing Olympics Medal Count |
0
| 46
|
| Location |
Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan
| Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean
|
| Area |
488,100 km sq
| 7,741,220 km sq
|
| Coastline |
0 km
| 25,760 km
|
| Climate |
subtropical desert
| generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
|
|
|
|
