King: Carl XVI Gustaf Prime minister: Fredrik Reinfeldt
Population
21,848,504
9,103,788
Life Expectancy
74.220 years
81.180 years
Capital City
Bucharest
Stockholm
Largest city
Bucharest (population: 1,877,160)
Stockholm (population: 1,253,310)
Human Development Index
0.825
0.958
GDP per capita
$12,600 US
$40,900 US
Literacy Rate
97.3%
99%
Corruption Perception Index
3.8
9.3
Percentage of Women in Parliament
9.6%
47%
Wealthiest Citizens
Dinu Patriciu ($1.8bn US)
Ingvar Kamprad & family ($22.0bn US)
Unemployment Rate
5.100%
7.500%
Death Penalty
Abolished
Abolished
Political System
republic
constitutional monarchy
Independence date
9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed)
6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)
Religions
Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformate and Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) and unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1% (2002 census)
Lutheran 87%, other (includes Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, and Buddhist) 13%
Languages
Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%
Swedish, small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Exports
machinery and equipment, textiles and footwear, metals and metal products, machinery and equipment, minerals and fuels, chemicals, agricultural products
machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals
External Debt
$136,100,000,000 $
$1,016,000,000,000 US
Exchange Rate
lei (RON) per US dollar - 2.5 (2008 est.), 2.43 (2007), 2.809 (2006), 3 (2005), 3 (2004)
Swedish kronor (SEK) per US dollar - 6.4074 (2008 est.), 6.7629 (2007), 7.3731 (2006), 7.4731 (2005), 7.3489 (2004)
Military Budget as percentage of GDP
1.900%
1.500%
Beijing Olympics Medal Count
8
5
Location
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine
Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway
Area
238,391 km sq
450,295 km sq
Coastline
225 km
3,218 km
Climate
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north
