|
Country
|
Mongolia | 
Australia |
|
Leader
|
President: Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
|
Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II, represented by Governor-General Quentin Bryce Prime minister: Julia Gillard
|
|
Population
|
3,179,997
| 22,015,576
|
|
Life Expectancy
|
68.630 years
| 81.900 years
|
|
Capital City
|
Ulaanbaatar
| Canberra
|
|
Largest city
|
| Ulaanbaatar (population: 844,818) | Sydney (population: 4,394,580) |
|
Human Development Index
|
0.72
| 0.965
|
| GDP per capita |
$4,800 US
| $40,800 US
|
|
Literacy Rate
|
97.8%
| 99%
|
|
Corruption Perception Index
|
3
| 8.7
|
|
Percentage of Women in Parliament
|
4.2%
| 29.6%
|
| Wealthiest Citizens |
NA
| Frank Lowy & family ($2.7bn US)
|
| Unemployment Rate |
9.900%
| 5.100%
|
|
Death Penalty
|
Legal
| Abolished
|
| |
|
Political System
|
mixed parliamentary/presidential
| federal parliamentary democracy
|
|
Independence date
|
11 July 1921 (from China)
| 1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies)
|
| Religions |
Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40% (2004)
| Catholic 26.4%, Anglican 20.5%, other Christian 20.5%, Buddhist 1.9%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 12.7%, none 15.3% (2001 Census)
|
| Languages |
Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)
| English 79.1%, Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% (2001 Census)
|
| Exports |
copper, apparel, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals
| coal, iron ore, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat, machinery and transport equipment
|
| External Debt |
$1,900,000,000 $
| $1,376,000,000,000 US
|
| Exchange Rate |
togrog/tugriks (MNT) per US dollar - 1,170 (2007), 1,165 (2006), 1,205 (2005), 1,185.3 (2004), 1,146.5 (2003)
| Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar - 1.2059 (2008 est.), 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004)
|
| Military Budget as percentage of GDP |
1.400%
| 3.000%
|
| Beijing Olympics Medal Count |
4
| 46
|
| Location |
Northern Asia, between China and Russia
| Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean
|
| Area |
1,564,116 km sq
| 7,741,220 km sq
|
| Coastline |
0 km
| 25,760 km
|
| Climate |
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
| generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
|
|
|
|
