1 April 1979 (Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed)
27 June 1977 (from France)
Religions
Muslim 98% (Shia 89%, Sunni 9%), other (includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i) 2%
Muslim 94%, Christian 6%
Languages
Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%
French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
Exports
petroleum 80%, chemical and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets
reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit)
External Debt
$17,900,000,000 $
$812,500,000 US
Exchange Rate
Iranian rials (IRR) per US dollar - 9,142.8 (2008 est.), 9,407.5 (2007), 9,227.1 (2006), 8,964 (2005), 8,614 (2004) note: Iran has been using a managed floating exchange rate regime since unifying multiple exchange rates in March 2002
Djiboutian francs (DJF) per US dollar - 177.71 (2007), 174.75 (2006), 177.72 (2005), 177.72 (2004), 177.72 (2003)
Military Budget as percentage of GDP
2.500%
3.800%
Beijing Olympics Medal Count
2
0
Location
Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan
Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia
Area
1,648,195 km sq
23,200 km sq
Coastline
2,440 km
314 km
Climate
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
