President: The presidency rotates every eight months between a Serb, a Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) and a Croat. Prime minister: Vjekoslav Bevanda
Head of state: King George Tupou V
Population
3,879,296
106,146
Life Expectancy
78.960 years
75.380 years
Capital City
Sarajevo
Nuku'alofa
Largest city
Sarajevo (population: 696,731)
Nuku`alofa (population: 22,400)
Human Development Index
0.802
0.774
GDP per capita
$8,200 US
$7,400 US
Literacy Rate
96.7%
98.9%
Corruption Perception Index
3.2
2.4
Percentage of Women in Parliament
12.3%
3.1%
Wealthiest Citizens
Unemployment Rate
43.300%
13.000%
Death Penalty
NA
Abolished in practice
Political System
emerging federal democratic republic
constitutional monarchy
Independence date
1 March 1992 (from Yugoslavia; referendum for independence completed 1 March 1992; independence declared 3 March 1992)
4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)
Religions
Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 14%
Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents)
Languages
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
Tongan, English
Exports
metals, clothing, wood products
squash, fish, vanilla beans, root crops
External Debt
$10,540,000,000 $
$104,600,000 US
Exchange Rate
konvertibilna markas (BAM) per US dollar - 1.3083 (2008 est.), 1.4419 (2007), 1.5576 (2006), 1.5727 (2005), 1.5752 (2004) note: the convertible mark is pegged to the euro
pa'anga (TOP) per US dollar - NA (2007), 2.0277 (2006), 1.96 (2005), 1.9716 (2004), 2.142 (2003)
Military Budget as percentage of GDP
1.400%
0.900%
Beijing Olympics Medal Count
Location
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia
Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Area
51,197 km sq
747 km sq
Coastline
20 km
419 km
Climate
hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast
tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
