|
Country
|
Australia | 
Mongolia |
|
Leader
|
Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II, represented by Governor-General Quentin Bryce Prime minister: Julia Gillard
|
President: Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
|
|
Population
|
22,015,576
| 3,179,997
|
|
Life Expectancy
|
81.900 years
| 68.630 years
|
|
Capital City
|
Canberra
| Ulaanbaatar
|
|
Largest city
|
| Sydney (population: 4,394,580) | Ulaanbaatar (population: 844,818) |
|
Human Development Index
|
0.965
| 0.72
|
| GDP per capita |
$40,800 US
| $4,800 US
|
|
Literacy Rate
|
99%
| 97.8%
|
|
Corruption Perception Index
|
8.7
| 3
|
|
Percentage of Women in Parliament
|
29.6%
| 4.2%
|
| Wealthiest Citizens |
Frank Lowy & family ($2.7bn US)
| NA
|
| Unemployment Rate |
5.100%
| 9.900%
|
|
Death Penalty
|
Abolished
| Legal
|
| |
|
Political System
|
federal parliamentary democracy
| mixed parliamentary/presidential
|
|
Independence date
|
1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies)
| 11 July 1921 (from China)
|
| Religions |
Catholic 26.4%, Anglican 20.5%, other Christian 20.5%, Buddhist 1.9%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 12.7%, none 15.3% (2001 Census)
| Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40% (2004)
|
| Languages |
English 79.1%, Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% (2001 Census)
| Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)
|
| Exports |
coal, iron ore, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat, machinery and transport equipment
| copper, apparel, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals
|
| External Debt |
$1,376,000,000,000 $
| $1,900,000,000 US
|
| Exchange Rate |
Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar - 1.2059 (2008 est.), 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004)
| togrog/tugriks (MNT) per US dollar - 1,170 (2007), 1,165 (2006), 1,205 (2005), 1,185.3 (2004), 1,146.5 (2003)
|
| Military Budget as percentage of GDP |
3.000%
| 1.400%
|
| Beijing Olympics Medal Count |
46
| 4
|
| Location |
Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean
| Northern Asia, between China and Russia
|
| Area |
7,741,220 km sq
| 1,564,116 km sq
|
| Coastline |
25,760 km
| 0 km
|
| Climate |
generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
| desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
|
|
|
|
